Various algorithms that would be helpful in programming competitions, such as different path finding algorithms.
Bash is a Unix shell. This section covers many useful bash commands.
C++ is an ever evolving compiled programming language. It's a super fast object oriented language.

Data analysis involves inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data in order to discover useful information. For example, by inspecting pedal length, you might find it to be a good indicator of iris type.

Git is for version controlling software

Java is a class-based, object-oriented programming language similar to C++.

To compile (class name must be the same as file name):

$ javac HelloWorld.java

To run:

$ java HelloWorld

Keras is a high-level deep learning API framework for machine learning platforms such as TensorFlow.

Docs.

Everything in Linux is a file!

Metasploit is used as a major aid in penetration testing.
Python is an interpreted programming language with all of the bells and whistles.

The Rust programming language is a modern compiled programming language similar to C/C++.

The best way to learn Rust from scratch is via the book!

This section covers a wide variety of security tools that can be found on Kali Linux.
Vim is a very powerful command line text editor.